The Houston County Courthouse and Jail, located at 304 Marshall Street South in Caledonia, Houston County in the U.S. state of Minnesota, consists of a Romanesque stone courthouse featuring a prominent center tower, built in 1883 and an Italianate stone jail and sheriff residence built in 1875.

[3] In the late nineteenth century there was considerable disagreement about the location of the Houston County seat.

In 1874, Caledonia was named and construction soon began on the jail and sheriff's residence.

Taxpayers criticized the expense of ornamental carpentry and five chandeliers, while county taxes doubled.

[4] In 2010, construction began on a new justice center next to the old courthouse; it will replace the old jail.