Upon graduation, he remained in Shanghai and joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at Utopia University, subsequently becoming a leader of the university-wide organization "After-school Visiting Group" (Chinese: 课余参观团).
Subsequent to February 1949, he held the position of director of the teaching staff at the North Anhui Branch of East China University and served as a member of the school committee, among other roles.
Throughout his tenure, he diligently endeavored to execute Premier Zhou Enlai's directives aimed at enhancing the instruction and investigation of fundamental natural science theories.
By the time he returned to China, Deng Xiaoping had already been criticized and brought down again by the Red Guards, and Huang was implicated, resulting in the unprecedented condemnation of Peking University.
Peking University published numerous critiques of Deng, addressing the resurgence of right-leaning sentiments, leading to renewed criticism of Huang Xinbai.
Subsequently, the Ministry of Education and the Bureau of Science and Technology Cadres of the State Council formed a drafting group for the degree regulations, led by Jiang Nanxiang, with Huang Xinbai serving as the principal assistant, resulting in the proposal of the “Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Degrees (Draft)”(Chinese: 中华人民共和国学位条例).
In December 1980, the State Council approved the formation of the first Academic Degrees Committee, comprising 41 members, including Huang Xinbai.