Hugh Jackson "Buddy" Morgan (1893–1961) was an internist and medical professor, who served as Chair of the Department of Medicine at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine from 1935 to 1959, President of the American College of Physicians, and Chief Medical Consultant to the Surgeon General of the United States Army during the Second World War.

Hugh Jackson Morgan was born into a prominent Nashville, Tennessee family in 1893 and graduated from Vanderbilt University in 1914.

As a medical student, Dr. Morgan served in the prestigious Hopkins unit during World War I, and was stationed primarily in France.

After the war, Morgan professed at both Hopkins and the Rockefeller Institute before returning home to Nashville in 1925 to accept an offered position as associate professor of medicine.

This position entailed the clinical oversight and direction of field military medical personnel in all four theaters of the war.