[5] During the 14th and 15th centuries, many people of different status were migrating from Hum to the Dalmatian cities of Split, Trogir, Šibenik, and Zadar.

[6] In one case in Split from 1454, it was recorded that an individual identified as a person coming from the "Principality of the Herzog Stjepan the Bosnian" (de comitatu Duche Stephani bossinensis).

At the time of the dynastic crisis and the dissolution of the Croatian Kingdom at the end of the 11th century, the Knez of Hum gained almost complete independence.

[4] In the first half of the 1330s, the Branivojević family had emerged as strongest clan in Hum,[12] claiming the territories from Cetina River to the town of Kotor, including entire Pelješac, and controlling Ston, where their court was located.

The population of Hum remained largely Orthodox, compared to elsewhere in Bosnia where the Bosnian Church predominated, and after the arrival of the Franciscans in the 1340s, Catholicism also began to spread.

[17] In 1350, Tsar Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia attacked Bosnia in order to regain Hum.

[18] Later that year she was formally betrothed to the 24-year-old Louis,[19] who hoped to counter Dušan's expansionist policy either with her father's help or as his eventual successor.

[20] In 1357, Louis summoned the young Tvrtko I to Požega and compelled him to surrender most of western Hum as Elizabeth's dowry, and under whose rule territory remained for only about thirty years, until 1390.

Since 1390, the land of Hum has been retaken by the Bosnian king again and put under the direct administration of the local noble family Jurjević-Radivojević.

Their seat was in Zaborani and in Glavatičevo's hamlet Biskupi, where today the family necropolis with a stećci is still present and protected as a National monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

On 27 August 1388, Radić participated in the Battle of Bileća, when the Bosnian army led by the Grand Duke Vlatko Vuković, defeated the Ottoman raiding party of up to 18,000 strong.

[31][32] Bosnian heavy cavalry is typically credited with winning the battle as they broke the Ottoman ranks and pursued the retreating enemy.

[37] The Grand Duke Vlatko Vuković and the knez Pavle Radinović were sent against Radič in December 1391 after receiving the stanak's blessings.

[37][38] During the mid-14th century, parts of Hum (Herzegovina) were given by the King Tvrtko I to, at that point in time relatively insignificant Bosnian clan of Kosača family and its Vuković branch, headed by the Grand Duke of Bosnia Vlatko Vuković, who received it as an award for his service as a supreme commander of the Bosnian army.

[42] The territory on the right bank of the Lower Neretva was at the time controlled by Kosača vassals, a local clan and magnates of Radivojević–Jurjević–Vlatković.

Sandalj captured Radič, took all of his land, and after blinding him he throw him in prison, where Radić died in 1404 marking the end of the Sanković family.

Stjepan Vukčić died in 1466 and was succeeded as herceg by his second-youngest son Vlatko Hercegović, who struggled to retain as much of the territory as he could.

[39] Also, Stjepan did not establish this province as a feudal and political unit of the Bosnian state; that honor befell Grand Duke of Bosnia Vlatko Vuković, who received it from King Tvrtko I; Sandalj Hranić expanded it and reaffirmed the Kosača family's supremacy.