The northern edge of the hamlet is Crum Elbow Creek, a tributary of the Hudson.

On the north side of the creek, just outside the hamlet, is the Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site.

The Springwood Estate, preserved as the Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site, is just outside the hamlet to the south.

U.S. Route 9 passes through the center of the hamlet, leading north 5 miles (8 km) to Staatsburg and south 6 miles (10 km) to Poughkeepsie, the county seat.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Hyde Park CDP has an area of 1.2 square miles (3.1 km2), all land.