[1] Psychological distress entirely related to moral judgments and disapproval about sexual impulses, urges, or behaviours is not sufficient to diagnose CSBD.
[1] A study conducted in 42 countries found that almost 5% of people may be at high risk of CSBD, but only 14% of them have sought treatment.
The shame is associated with the cognitive schema of self-defectiveness, a feeling of social pain and isolation and functions in two ways.
Firstly, chronic shame derived from social stigma or early traumatic experiences augments the soothing function of sexual behaviour.
Secondly, excessive or inappropriate sexual behaviour, as it is considered socially unacceptable, causes extra shame and forms a self-sustaining cycle of CSBD.
Their findings were published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine where they concluded that the given criteria are valid and the disorder could be reliably diagnosed.