ISO 15118

[2] ISO 15118 is one of the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) group of standards for electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks, and is the responsibility of Joint Working Group 1 (JWG1 V2G) of IEC Technical Committee 69 (TC69)[3] together with subcommittee 31 (SC31)[4] of the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Technical Committee 22 (TC22)[5] on road vehicles.

[7][10][11] As of 2019[update] and 2020, several Public Key Infrastructure issues remained unsolved for using the standard as proposed.

[12][13][7][11][clarification needed] The user-convenient and secure Plug & Charge feature envisioned with ISO 15118 enables an electric vehicle to automatically identify and authorize itself to a compatible charging station on behalf of the driver, to receive energy for recharging its battery.

[16] Some EV cars support the Plug & Charge standard, including the model year 2021 Porsche Taycan, Mercedes-Benz EQS,[17] Lucid Air, and Ford Mustang Mach-E.[10] Model year 2024 support includes BMW i4, i5, i7, iX,[18] and Hyundai Ioniq 6.

[21][22] Besides Tesla, alternatives to Plug & Charge exist including "AutoCharge" based on DIN Spec 70121 (Combined Charging System - CCS)[23][24] using the car's fixed MAC address which is not a secure mechanism, however cars from companies like the Volkswagen Group do not have a fixed MAC address and cannot use AutoCharge.