Igor Nikolaevich Polianski (Russian: Игорь Николаевич Полянский) (born 20 March 1967 in Novosibirsk) is a former backstroke swimmer from the USSR.

[1] He won three medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, including the gold in the 200 m backstroke.

[2] On 3 March 1985 in Erfurt, GDR, Polianski set the new world record in the 200 m backstroke at 1:58.14 that stood six years.

[1] He lives in New Zealand and runs a swimming school, Waterlions, in partnership with his wife.

He is a member of the Auckland Swimming Community, coaching from the Epsom Girls Grammar and Massey High School campuses.