Count Ilya Andreyevich Tolstoy (3 February 1903 Tula Governorate – 28 October 1970 New York City) was a U.S. Army Colonel and President Franklin D. Roosevelt's envoy in Tibet.

He was one of the founders of Marineland of Florida, of the Bahamas National Trust, and he served on the Caribbean Conservation Commission.

Tolstoy attended the Moscow School of Agriculture, before joining the Imperial Cavalry and serving in Tashkent.

[1] Tolstoy was one of the pioneers of underwater photography and one of the founders and owners of the world's first oceanarium, Marineland of Florida with William Douglas Burden, Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney and Sherman Pratt.

He and Brooke Dolan went to Tibet as envoys of the American President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942 and met the Dalai Lama, then barely seven years old.