[4] Economy and trade relations are also particularly important, especially on oil (energy) and human resources (migrant worker) sectors.

Numerous Muslim traders and ulamas arrived in the Indonesian archipelago from the Arab World during the coming of Islam around the 13th century.

[4][13] Saudi Arabia is a major employer for thousands of Indonesian workers, mostly in the domestic sector as house maids.

[15] Most of the time, justice was not enforced in Saudi Arabia as the abusers have rarely faced punishment greater than a fine.

[16] Another problem is the number of Indonesian workers facing death row in Saudi Arabia.