Doroteia of Braganza (21 September 1739 – 14 January 1771) was a Portuguese infanta as the daughter of King Joseph I of Portugal and Mariana Victoria of Spain.

She was the third of four daughters of Joseph I of Portugal and Mariana Victoria of Spain.

Doroteia was a proposed bride for Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans (later known as Philippe Égalité), but her mother refused to consent to the match.

In 1764, she became ill in a condition described as “hysteric, accompanied by an almost total lack of appetite which has reduced her to a state of extreme weakness.”[1] She was subjected to numerous bleedings before dying in Lisbon on 14 January 1771.

[citation needed] Her body was moved to the national pantheon in the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora, in Lisbon.