Infanta Maria José of Portugal (Maria José Joana Eulália Leopoldina Adelaide Isabel Carolina Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Francisca de Assis e de Paula Inês Sofia Joaquina Teresa Benedita Bernardina; 19 March 1857 – 11 March 1943), sometimes known in English as Maria Josepha, was a Portuguese infanta, later Duchess in Bavaria by marriage.

She was the maternal grandmother of King Leopold III of Belgium and Queen Marie-José of Italy.

Maria José was the fourth child and third daughter of King Miguel I of Portugal and his wife Adelaide of Löwenstein.

On 29 April 1874 she married Duke Karl Theodor in Bavaria, the younger brother of Empress Elisabeth of Austria.

The couple lived in Munich, where they founded the Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic, that still exists today.