[1] The term was coined by Marc Porat, a graduate student at Stanford University, who would later co-found General Magic.
[3] He finds that some countries such as Germany and Japan exhibit the informatization of manufacturing processes.
In a typical conceptualization, however, information economy is considered a "stage" or "phase" of an economy, coming after stages of hunting, agriculture, and manufacturing.
This conceptualization can be widely observed regarding information society, a closely related but wider concept.
In The Effective Executive by Peter Drucker, Drucker describes the manual worker (page 2) who works with his hands and produces "stuff".