He studied classical philology at the University of Jena for five years, and, until German reunification, was an assistant director (dramatic arts advisor) at the State Theatre in Altenburg 45 km south of Leipzig for two years.
Schulze spent six months in St Petersburg which became the basis for his debut collection of short stories 33 Moments of Happiness (1995).
Schulze has won a number of awards for his novels and stories, which have been translated into twenty languages, among them into English by John E. Woods.
Subsequently, Schulze was a dramaturg at the Landestheater of Altenburg, which he left in order to work as a journalist.
In early 1993 he went to Russia, where he launched the advertising newspaper Привет Петербург (Privet Petersburg).