Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)

Founded in 1870, it is the national mapping agency for Spain, together with the Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica (CNIG).

In 1985, the updating of its sheets was stopped, to focus all efforts on the production of the then new National Topographic Map at a scale of 1:25,000 (MTN25).

[7]The National Plan for Aerial Orthophotography (in Spanish, Plan Nacional de Ortofotografía Aérea, abbreviated as PNOA) began in 2004 and aims to obtain digital aerial orthophotographs of the entire Spanish territory, with a fixed update period, currently 3 years.

A single photogrammetric flight is carried out, and then a rigorous treatment of the data follows, in which technical specifications agreed upon by all the participating Public Administrations are complied.

This approach of cooperative production between the different administrations is in accordance with the spirit of the Inspire Directive for the establishment of a Geographic Data Infrastructure in Europe, which seeks that the maximum level of detail of geographic information is captured only once and that it is shared openly among the different agents that need it.