Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme

[2] The project started in 1982–83 under the leadership of Abdul Kalam who oversaw its ending in 2008 after these strategic missiles were successfully developed.

[4] By the start of the 1980s, the DRDL had developed competence and expertise in the fields of propulsion, navigation and manufacture of aerospace materials based on the Soviet rocketry technologies.

To counter the MTCR, the IGMDP team formed a consortium of DRDO laboratories, industries and academic institutions to build these sub-systems, components and materials.

Though this slowed down the progress of the program, India successfully developed indigenously all the restricted components denied to it by the MTCR.

[6] The starting of India's missile program influenced Pakistan to scramble its resources to meet the challenge.

Like India, Pakistan faced hurdles to operationalize its program since education on space sciences was never sought.

Development of the Prithvi began in 1983, and it was first test-fired on 25 February 1988 from Sriharikota, SHAR Centre, Pottisreeramulu Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh.

[15] In 2003, Defence Minister George Fernandes had indicated that the Trishul missile had been de-linked from user service and would be continued as a technology demonstrator.

Design of the missile is similar to that of the SA-6, with four long tube ramjet inlet ducts mounted mid-body between wings.

However, internal schema shows a completely modernised layout, including an onboard computer with special optimised trajectories, and an all-digital proximity fuse.

The Air Force version uses an Ashok Leyland truck platform to tow the missile launcher, while the Radar is on a BMP-2 chassis and is called the Battery Level Radar-II.

The Multiple target handling capability of Akash weapon system was demonstrated by live firing in a C4I environment during the trials.

The Akash System's 3-D central acquisition radar (3-D car) group mode performance was then fully established.

[18][19] In December 2007 Indian Air Force completed user trials for the Akash missile system.

The IAF had evolved the user Trial Directive to verify the Akash's consistency in engaging targets.

Once deliveries are complete, further orders would be placed to replace retiring SA-3 GOA (Pechora) SAM systems.

Nag can be mounted on an infantry vehicle; a helicopter launched version will also be available with integration work being carried out with the HAL Dhruv.

For the Air Force, a nose-mounted thermal imaging system has been developed for guiding the missile's trajectory "Helina".

Further versions of the missile may make use of an all-weather Milli-metre Wave (mmW) seeker as an additional option.