International Socialist Workers Congress, Zürich 1893

[1] On 12 August, Friedrich Engels was designated the honorary president for the day and delivered the closing address,[2] the only time that Engels addressed a Second International period congress.

[3] Notable participants included an official delegation from the British trade union movement, led by John Hodge.

[4] Before deliberations could begin, the Congress voted to exclude the anarchists led by Gustav Landauer, who left in protest.

[1] Engels later emphasised the need to remain separate from the anarchists in his closing speech.

[1] The mandate of Rosa Luxemburg as a delegate of the Socialists of Poland and Lithuania, in opposition to the Polish Social Democratic Party, was also rejected.