Because ADSL was very expensive for an average worker in its early days, an enormous number of wireless ISPs (WISPs) (based on 802.11 Wi-Fi technology) came into existence offering reasonably priced monthly-plans since 2003.
At the beginning of 2008, there were over 800 mostly local WISPs[7][8] that had enormous market share of the Internet access.
In the Czech Republic, ADSL became commercially available at the beginning of 2003, by then-monopoly operator Český Telecom with basic speeds from 192/64 kbit/s to 1024/256 kbit/s.
At the beginning of 2004, local loop unbundling began, and alternative operators started to offer ADSL (and also SDSL).
Individuals and groups engage in the free expression of views via the Internet, including by e-mail.
[21] The law provides for freedom of speech and press, and the government generally respects these rights.
[21] Since 2008, mobile operators T-Mobile[22] and Vodafone[23][24] pass mobile and fixed Internet traffic through Cleanfeed, which uses data provided by the Internet Watch Foundation to identify pages believed to contain indecent photographs of children, and racist materials.
The company said it wanted to replace the list with data provided by Czech Police.
The specific blocking implementation is unknown but it is believed that recursive DNS servers provided by the operator to its customers have been modified to return fake answers diverting consequent TCP connections to an HTTP firewall.
T-Mobile claimed that its blocking was based on URLs from the Internet Watch Foundation list and on individual direct requests made by customers.