This encompasses issues such as Internet access, governance, freedom, and infrastructure, as well as social, economic, and political factors that contribute to the digital landscape in Poland.
[4] Moreover, data shows that 58.5% of the population in Poland actively engages with e-government platforms, accessing a range of online resources and public services.
The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences received the first IP address in Poland (192.86.14.0) on 19 November 1990, assigned to it by the United States Department of Defense.
Poland is 24th in human capital, with 43% of citizens having basic digital skills and 3.5% working as Information and Communication Technology specialists (ICT).
Furthermore, the increase in Fibre to the Premises (FTTP) coverage from 45% to 60% during the same period marked progress, placing Poland above the EU average of 56%.
Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the app was adapted to enable Ukrainian citizens legally residing in Poland to verify their identity throughout the EU.
[17] According to an OECD report, the price of Internet access in Poland in September 2012 ranged from $0.45 to $128.12 PPP per megabit per second (Mbit/s) of advertised speed.
This compares with ranges of $0.40 to $23.25 for Germany, $0.40 to $12.35 for the Czech Republic, and $0.53 to $41.70 for the U.S.[19] According to Eurostat, the OECD and others, Internet access in Poland in the early 2010s was among the most expensive in Europe.
In February 2011, the Polish Office of Electronic Communication issued an order forcing TPSA to rent 51% of their ADSL lines to other ISPs at 60% discount of their market pricing.
ADSL service called Multimo, provided by GTS Energis for TP customers via Bit Stream Access.
[27][28] HETAN provides stationary Internet via Satellite to whole Poland for private and business customers with speeds ranging from 10 Mbit/s to 20 Mbit/s in download and from 2 Mbit/s to 6 Mbit/s in upload.
[29][30] In early 2011, Internet censorship legislation that included the creation of a registry of blocked websites was abandoned by the Polish government, following protests and petitions opposing the proposal.
[34] In January 2012, thousands protested Prime Minister Tusk's signing of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA), establishing international standards for enforcing intellectual property rights, accusing it of facilitating Internet censorship.
[35] Additionally, in February, Tusk suspended ratification of ACTA because his government had made insufficient consultations before signing the agreement to ensure it was entirely safe for Polish citizens.