Internet science

It works in the intersection of and in the gaps among a wide range of disciplines that have had to respond to the impact of the Internet on their 'home turf' and/or offer specific conceptual or methodological contributions.

The three main elements of Internet science are: multidisciplinary convergence, observability and constructive experimentation.

[7] In 2014, President Obama announced a new plan to preserve "net neutrality" and to prevent Internet service providers from blocking or slowing websites or creating different tiers of speed.

Google has signed two contracts with wind developers to power its data center in Finland with 100% renewable energy.

[9] Infrastructure provides a large range of vital services—such as the ability to move goods, people, and information.

[10] Infrastructural services like gas, electricity, water, transport, and banking are highly interconnected and mutually dependent in various complex ways.

[10] They are linked physically, and through important ICT systems, to prevent breakdowns from escalating into whole infrastructure failure.

1968: Beranek and Newman have discovered an effectiveness and final version of the Interface Message Processor (IMP) specifications.

The International Network Working Group (INWG) forms to research and develop standard protocols.

Also a global networking becomes a reality as the University College of London (England) and Royal Radar Establishment (Norway), which connects to ARPANET.

1974: Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn have published "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection," which details the design of TCP.

1986: The National Science Foundation's NSFNET goes online to connected supercomputer centers at 56,000 bits per second — the speed of a typical dial-up computer modem.

This technology continues to have a large impact on ways how humans view and navigate the Internet in present days.

2006: AOL changed its business model and offered the most services for free and relied on advertising to generate revenue.