[3] The Iquichans had established themselves as warriors, fighting against the Cuzco rebellion of Túpac Amaru II in 1781, remaining faithful allies of the Spanish authorities.

[3] The main action in which the Iquichans participated at that time was the successful Battle of Huanta, on 1 October 1814, when a column of 5,000 Morochucos (only 300 with rifles) with four cannons and cavalry tried to take the city.

In January 1826, the Peruvian prefect of the area, General Juan Pardo de Zela y Vidal [es], organized a punitive expedition, which only managed to harden their resistance.

[10] With the republican army dispersed throughout Peru, on 5 June 1826, the rebels attacked Huanta, under the command of Huachaca and the former soldier and then Spanish merchant Nicolás Soregui (or Zoregui).

[15] On 29 November, 300 line shooters, 100 government prisoners who changed sides, and 400 Iquichans with spears and rejones again launched themselves against Ayacucho, whose defense was led by Prefect Domingo Tristán with 100 soldiers armed with rifles and a small cannon.

[16] Huachaca arrived through Mollepata with 100 line shooters and many armed Indians, but the Morochucos came down from La Picota through Quebrada Honda to threaten the Iquichan rearguard, the right wing was also flanked by Huatatas and Colonel Vidal was in command of the militias in the center.

[19] Then they hoped to stir up Huancavelica, Ica, Aymaraes and Cerro de Pasco in their favor to form a great army with which to recover Peru for its king.

[23] At the beginning of May the last combat took place in Ccano in the current District of Huanta, in the heart of the punas region; Colonel Vidal defeated the Montoneros definitively.

[25] The Bourbon Reforms implied the closure of many missions, necessarily leading to the loss of control of vast jungle regions of the Apurímac valley.

This would prove to be a bad decision, as the Iquicha guerrillas managed to resist for years thanks to finding refuge in the low jungles to the east of the highlands, areas only accessible by the Mantaro and Apurímac, territories outside of state control.

[26] According to the Peruvian historian Cecilia Méndez Gastelumendi, the term Iquichano went from being used to refer to all the Indians in the region who participated in the revolt (thanks to the royalist propaganda pasquinades) to a symbol of collective pride.

[27] In the Peruvian civil war of 1834, they supported the liberal president Luis José de Orbegoso against the coup of the conservative generals Pedro Pablo Bermúdez[28] and Agustín Gamarra, a key figure in politics of the time, and an enemy of the republiqueta.

Finally tired of the conflict, after several confrontations, the Yanallay Treaty was signed on 15 November between the prefect of Ayacucho, Colonel Manuel Lopera, and the guerrilla Tadeo Choque (or Chocce).

[38] Faced with this serious situation, the prefect of Ayacucho, Colonel Lopera, sent reinforcements to the Chilean “Valdivia” battalion, which broke the siege and began an expedition in the highlands against the republiqueta.

[40] In this context, on 15 November 1839, the general commander of the Peruvian government Manuel Lopera led an agreement with the Iquicha forces to find a negotiated solution to the conflict, for which the Treaty of Yanallay was signed, in the Yanallay plateau of Huanta; between Lopera and the Iquichan commander Tadeo Choqe, representing the great caudillo General José Antonio Navala Huachaca, who after 18 years of having proclaimed the Independence of Peru, formally committed to lay down their arms forever against the Peruvian government and to respect the laws of the nation.

The Iquichan resistance was ending, which was supported by his leader, who left the following consigned in the document: "Rather, you are the usurpers of Religion, Crown and Homeland [...] What has been obtained from you during your rule?