Iran–United States Claims Tribunal

The tribunal was created to address disputes between the two countries stemming from the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis and related incidents involving U.S. embassy staff in Tehran.

These tensions were exacerbated by the 1953 U.S.-backed coup that overthrew the democratically elected government of Mohammad Mossadegh, followed by Iran's demand for the return of assets taken by the Shah after the 1979 Iranian Revolution.

The IUSCT, headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands, is composed of nine members: three appointed by Iran, three by the United States, and three neutral arbitrators selected by the parties' appointees.

[10] The tribunal's legitimacy was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in Dames & Moore v. Regan (1981), which affirmed the constitutionality of the Algiers Accords.

U.S. President Ronald Reagan, who assumed office the day after the Accords were signed, also affirmed his administration’s commitment to the agreement.