He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 30 October 1993 until he was killed in action on 28 May 1995 during the Bosnian War.
He graduated from the University of Belgrade's School of Medicine and became a medical doctor specializing in ear, nose and throat treatments.
In 1990, as Bosnia was preparing to secede from Yugoslavia, he was elected to the Bosnian parliament and became a leading member of the Bosniak-dominated Party of Democratic Action.
Shortly before his death, he represented Bosnia and Herzegovina at the 50th anniversary celebration of the end of World War II in London on 1 May 1995.
Ljubijankić was killed on 28 May 1995 when his helicopter was shot down by a missile over Cetingrad, a Croatian town near the Bosnian border being held by Serb rebels at that time.