It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Russia, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China, with sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem and 2 bright or pale yellow flowers.

[5][7] On top of the rhizome, are the brown, fibrous remains of old leaves.

[11] They can grow up to between 8 and 12 cm (3 and 5 in) long and between 4 and 8 mm wide at blooming time.

[5][10] It has a slender, erect stem, that can reach up to between 8 and 10 cm (3 and 4 in) long.

[2][7] The stem has 2 or 3 keeled, oblong-lanceolate, reddish purple, membranous spathes or bracts (leaves of the flower bud).

[19] The falls are obovate,[3][4][7] or ovate,[9] with purple or brown veins,[12][13][14] leading to the haft (the section closest to the stem),[2] and have a central yellow[5][12][14] or golden beard.

[9] It has a 1–1.5 cm long perianth tube,[2][3][7] which is equal in length to the green, spindle-shaped[7] ovary.

[3][7] After the iris has flowered, between June and August,[3][4][7] it produces an oval or ovoid seed capsule,[3] on a 1–1.2 cm long stalk.

[22] As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.

It is written as 中亚鸢尾 in Chinese script,[3] and known as Zhōng Yà yuān wĕi in Pinyin in China.

[7] The Latin specific epithet bloudowii refers to von Bloudow (or Count Dmitri N. Bludova, 1785–1864[26]), a former President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, founded in Saint Petersburg.

[2][25][30] Then in February 2007, Brian Mathew published an article in Curtis's Botanical Magazine Volume 24, Issue 1, pages 30–33.

[32] Iris bloudowii is native to temperate regions of central Asia.

[25][28][32] It is found within the Siberian region,[14][28][33] of the Russian Federation,[10][32] in the states of Aga Buryat, Buryatia, Chita, Gorno-Altay, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva and Primorye.

It was tested in botanical gardens of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Chita and Barnaul.

[6][18] In 2003, a study was carried out on pollinating and germinating seeds of Iris bloudowii.

[2] Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), and if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting.