Islam and the World: The Rise and Decline of the Muslims and Its Effect on Mankind or Maza Khasir al-Alam Bi Inhitatil Muslimeen (Arabic: ماذا خسر العالم بانحطاط المسلمين) is a book by Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi for which has received admiration, especially throughout the Arab world, where it was first published in 1951 from Egypt.

This work of Nadwi aims at, to stir the Muslims into an appreciation of Islam's role in the story of human progress, and to promote them, thereby, a desire to look into themselves, with a view to finding out how far they have been true their duty and mission to the world.

The book was later translated into English under the title of Islam and the World and into Urdu as Insani Dunya Par Musalmanu Ke Uruj wa Zawal Ka Athar.

Even the religious sections in various societies like priests and rabbis; have introduced unrecognized activities and rituals in their religion for the sake of their materialistic interests.According to Sayyid Qutb, "The book in its style and treatment does not however, ponder to mere sentiments or excite passions of dogmation.

The enlightened and unprejudiced mind of the author is clearly revealed by the scrupulous care and deep concern for truth with which historical events and their sequences are recorded and environmental effects and ramifications analyzed.

Then, Nadwi explains the cruel and catastrophic consequences of the transfer of world-leadership from the Muslims to the Western people, whose appetites are purely material and who have, thereof, built-up a structure which is utterly inimical to the needs of human mind and spirit.

The Urdu translation of this book is titled Insani Dunya Par Musalmanu Ke Uruj wa Zawal Ka Athar.

In 2011, Hazrat Hasanuzzaman completed a PhD thesis in Arabic on Socio Historical Aspects In The Writings Of Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi With Special Reference To Ma Dha Khasira Al Aalam Bi Inhitatil Muslimeen at the Assam University.