It holds the view that all Muslims constitute a single nation, known as the Ummah, by virtue of their adherence to the Islamic religion and should unite under a single universal Islamic state.
Critics argue that nationalism is inherently incompatible with Islam, as Islamist and Islamism ideology rejects the Western notion of nation-states, which usually appeal to unity based on linguistic, cultural, ethnic, and territorial factors.
[3] Pakistani nationalism is closely associated with Muslim heritage, the religion of Islam, and it is also associated with pan-Islamism, as it is described in the Two-nation theory.
"[4] Hamas views Palestine as a holy land and considers it a primary front for jihad, framing its resistance as an Islamic way of fighting Israeli occupation.
Article 12 of the 1988 Hamas charter asserts that "Nationalism from the point of view of the Islamic Resistance Movement is part and parcel of religious ideology.