The chapel was damaged in April 1645 in a military engagement in the English Civil War, and in the 1780s it was demolished.

[10] When the Domesday Book was compiled, Islip's common fields system was on the north side of the River Ray.

[citation needed] The Fermor family had its seat at Somerton, Oxfordshire and had a number of estates in the northern part of the county.

[3] In the 1640s the bridge and Islip's nearness to Oxford made the village a strategic objective for both sides in the English Civil War.

In April 1645 a force under Oliver Cromwell retook the village and routed the Earl of Northampton's men in an engagement on Islip Bridge.

[16] Then in 1646 during the Third Siege of Oxford a force under the Parliamentarian Colonel George Fleetwood occupied the village.

[3] After the war the bridge was rebuilt or replaced, and John Ogilby's Britannia Atlas of 1675 describes it as having six arches.

In that century the road between London and Worcester became a coaching route and Islip developed as a staging post.

The Plume of Feathers, also called the Prince's Arms, was built around 1780 reputedly from materials from the demolished Confessor's Chapel.

[citation needed] There were inns called the Boot, the Britannia, the Fox and Grapes and the Saddlers Arms.

[20] The militia was joined by a company of Coldstream Guards that had marched from London on 30 July 1831[21] and was billeted in the village.

British Railways withdrew passenger services from the line in 1967 and Islip station was demolished.

Oxfordshire County Council and Network SouthEast reinstated passenger trains between Oxford and Bicester Town in 1987 and opened a new station in 1989.

The line and Islip station were closed for upgrading under Chiltern Railways' Evergreen 3 project and reopened on 26 October 2015.

When the East West Rail is completed, trains between Oxford and Milton Keynes Central will also pass through Islip.

[23] Mummery continued in Islip until at least 1894[24] with a play depicting a girl called Molly who fell ill with toothache only to find, on extraction, that a nail was causing her the pain.

[citation needed] The Shakespearean scholar and collector of English nursery rhymes and fairy tales James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps lived in Islip in the 1840s.

[citation needed] Islip has one public house, The Swan;[27] the other pub, the Red Lion,[28][29] closed in February 2024.

[33] Stagecoach in Oxfordshire route H5 links Islip with the John Radcliffe Hospital via Barton, and with Bicester via Ambrosden.