The 2020 census found 1,131 people in the township.

Located in the southwestern corner of the county, Israel Township borders the following townships: Part of the village of College Corner is located in the southwestern corner of Israel Township, and the unincorporated community of Fairhaven lies in the eastern part of the township.

Israel Township was named for a U.S. Navy officer.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.