After the founding congress, Mauro Alboresi was elected secretary by the party's newly formed national committee.

[12] However, in the 2022 general election the PCI ran as a stand-alone list in 5 out 29 constituencies for the Chamber of Deputies and 7 out of 21 for the Senate,[13][14] obtaining between 1.0 and 1.5% in Tuscany, Marche and Umbria.

[15] The party declares itself faithful to the principles of Marxism–Leninism,[16] anti-capitalism,[17] anti-fascism,[18] anti-imperialism[19] and hard Euroscepticism.

[20] In foreign policy, the party holds anti-American, anti-NATO, anti-Zionist,[21] Russophile[22] and Sinophile views.

It has shown support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine and its use of the "Z" symbol and the ribbon of Saint George have caused scandal in Italy.