Itarumã is a large producer of cattle with a herd of almost three hundred thousand head.

It is 366 kilometers to the state capital, Goiânia, which is connected by BR-060 / Abadia de Goiás / Guapó / Indiara / Acreúna / Rio Verde / GO-174 / GO-422 / Caçu / GO-206.

Municipal boundaries are with: Itarumã has one district: Olaria do Angico The economy is based on cattle raising and cultivation of soybeans, rice, corn, sugarcane, and beans.

The documented history of European settlement of Itarumã begins in 1874 when Heitor Severino built the first house of palm fronds.

The district was created in 1901, belonging to Jataí, and on an unknown date the name was shortened to Pimenta.