Iva Ikuko Toguri D'Aquino (Japanese: 戸栗郁子 アイバ; July 4, 1916 – September 26, 2006) was an American citizen visiting Japan when World War II began.

Unable to return to the United States, she risked her life smuggling food to American service men held in prisoner of war camps.

Toguri called herself "Orphan Annie", but she quickly became inaccurately identified with the name "Tokyo Rose", coined by Allied soldiers and which predated her broadcasts.

After the surrender of Japan, Toguri was detained for a year by the United States military for possible wrongdoing against the U.S. but was released for lack of evidence and U.S. Department of Justice officials agreed that her broadcasts were "innocuous".

Journalistic and governmental investigators years later pieced together the history of irregularities with the indictment, trial, and conviction, including confessions from key witnesses that they had perjured themselves at the various stages of their testimonies due to government threats.

[4]: 63–64 In November 1943, Allied prisoners of war were forced to broadcast propaganda, and she was selected to host portions of the one-hour radio show The Zero Hour.

[4]: 74  Toguri had previously risked her life smuggling food into the nearby prisoner of war camp where Cousens and Ince were held, gaining the inmates' trust.

[4]: 13  The name was a catch-all used by Allied forces for all of the women who were heard on Japanese propaganda radio[4]: 10  and was in general use by the summer of 1943, months prior to Toguri's debut as a broadcast host.

[4]: 27  She was released after a year in prison when neither the FBI nor General Douglas MacArthur's staff found any evidence that she had aided the Japanese Axis forces.

During the course of that investigation, the FBI had interviewed hundreds of former members of the U.S. Armed Forces who had served in the South Pacific during World War II, unearthed forgotten Japanese documents, and turned up recordings of [D'Aquino's] broadcasts.

[17] She requested to return to the United States in order to have her child born on American soil,[9][4]: 110  but influential gossip columnist and radio host Walter Winchell lobbied against her.

[4]: 129, 133–134 D'Aquino was charged by federal prosecutors with the crime of treason for "adhering to, and giving aid and comfort to, the Imperial Government of Japan during World War II"'.

The further work, however, "created new problems for DeWolfe", and soon after D'Aquino was indicted, government witness Hiromu Yagi "admitted that his grand jury testimony was perjured".

[1]: 47  The FBI's case history notes, "Neither Brundidge [the Cosmopolitan Magazine reporter who tried to sell his transcript of the interview with D'Aquino] nor the [suborned] witness [Hiromu Yagi] testified at trial because of the taint of perjury.

"[16] In 1976, an investigation by Chicago Tribune reporter Ron Yates discovered that Kenkichi Oki and George Mitsushio, who had given the most damaging testimony at D'Aquino's trial, had perjured themselves.