In 1931–34 in the financial department of Moscow Oblast, 1934–37 — chairman of the Ramensky District executive committee.

Khokhlov was elected member of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1937–58), from 17 January 1938 to 31 May 1938 he was deputy chairman of the Presidium.

Due to the prolonged absence of Khokhlov, from 5 May 1942 his deputy Konstantin Pamfilov was the acting chairman of the Council of People's Commissars.

Khokhlov's absence in Moscow was caused by his membership in the Military Council of Western Front.

The main concern of Khokhlov at this time was the transportation of troops, the army's provision with military equipment, weapons, ammunition, fuel, evacuation from the western and southwestern regions, and repair of military equipment.