Izumozaki is located in a coastal region of central Niigata Prefecture bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west.

Izumozaki has a humid climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall.

During the Edo period, it was tenryō territory controlled directly by the Tokygawa shogunate, and the location of the Izumozaki daikansho.

After the start of the Meiji period, the area was organised into Santō District, Niigata, and the town of Izumozaki was established on April 1, 1886 with the creation of the modern municipalities system.

The town has one public high school operated by the Niigata Prefectural Board of Education..