He is Director of Research of Exceptional Class (DRCE) at Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM).
Galon received his Ph.D. degree (Doctorat ès science) with a specialty in immunology in 1996 and did postdoctoral work at the National Institute of Health (NIH), in Bethesda (USA) between 1997 and 2001.
Since 2001, he has been working at the Cordeliers Research Center, where he has been the Director of the INSERM Laboratory Integrative Cancer Immunology since 2009.
His laboratory has identified and demonstrated the importance of the immune contexture against cancer.
He defined the Immunoscore as a new method for routine clinical assessment of the prognosis of patients with cancer.