[1] Vogt was born in the Bragernes neighborhood of Drammen in Buskerud, Norway.

He was the son of timber merchant Niels Nielsen Vogt (1755-1809) and Abigael Monrad (1759-1812).

Vogt succeeded his father was district stipendiary magistrate of Nordfjord in 1809.

In 1822, Vogt was appointed state secretary and chief of the central government office in Christiania (now Oslo).

When First Minister Nicolai Krog resigned in January 1855, Vogt succeeded him.