Jāzeps Vītols (German: Joseph Wihtol; 26 July 1863 – 24 April 1948) was a Latvian composer, pedagogue and music critic.

Vītols, born in Valmiera the son of a schoolteacher, began his studies in composition in 1880 at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory with Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.

In 1918, Vītols returned from Russia to his newly independent Latvia to conduct the Latvian National Opera.

Taking his cue from his Russian colleagues, Vītols became the leading exponent of national romanticism in Latvia.

His work reveals the undeniable influence of his teacher Rimsky-Korsakov, not least in the brilliance of its orchestration, an assessment which was shared by Vītols' friend and fellow composer Alexander Glazunov.

In striving to forge a musical style for Latvia, Vītols emulated the processes of the Russian national school.