Cagulangan first played for Northern Mindanao in the 2013 Palarong Pambansa during elementary days before being recruited by La Salle Green Hills (LSGH).
[3] Cagulangan debuted for the De La Salle Green Archers in UAAP Season 82 (2019), but left after the season due to limited playing time and transferred to the University of the Philippines (UP).
[5][6] He helped the UP Fighting Maroons claim the UAAP Season 84 (2022) men's basketball championship, their first UAAP title since 1986, with a game-winning three-pointer in Game 3 of their best-of-three championship series against the Ateneo Blue Eagles, breaking the 69-all deadlock with .5 seconds left in overtime.
[7][8] Cagulangan was named Season 87 (2024) Finals MVP when the Fighting Maroons won the title over his former team, De La Salle Green Archers, on December 15, 2024, at Smart Araneta Coliseum.
[9] On December 17, 2024, Cagulangan signed with the Suwon KT Sonicboom of the Korean Basketball League (KBL).