Peterka made his professional debut with EHC Red Bull München of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

[1] Following the draft, Peterka went back to the DEL and played 30 games while scoring 9 goals and 11 assists for 20 points in the 2020-2021 season.

Joining the senior national team for the first time, Peterka made his World Championship debut at the 2021 edition.

[8] Peterka scored the opening goal of the game, but Germany was ultimately defeated by Team Canada, winning the silver medal, the nation's first at the World Championships since 1953.

[9] With six goals and six assists in ten games, Peterka was given the IIHF directorate award for Best Forward, and named to the Media All-Star Team.