Jacob Pitzer Cowan (March 20, 1823 – July 9, 1895) was an American physician and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1875 to 1877.

Born in Florence, Washington County, Pennsylvania Cowan attended the common schools.

He was graduated from Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, March 6, 1855.

He again engaged in the practice of medicine in Ashland, Ohio, where he died July 9, 1895.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress