Jacques Chardonne

Raised Protestant, his American Quaker mother was an heiress to the Haviland porcelain dynasty and his father was French.

He supported collaboration with the Vichy and in 1940 produced "Private Chronicle 1940", which favored the submission of Europe to Adolf Hitler.

[2] He was a member of the Groupe Collaboration, an initiative that encouraged close cultural ties between France and Germany.

[3] In October 1941, Chardonne, with seven other French writers including Pierre Drieu la Rochelle, Marcel Jouhandeau et Robert Brasillach, accepted an invitation from Joseph Goebbels to visit Germany for a Congress of European Writers in Weimar.

In his diary during the trip, Chardonne described how he wanted to "make [his] body a fraternal bridge between Germany and France".