It contains flat-topped plateaus bounded by steep cliffs, constantly subject to erosion by rain and wind.

Rare species include Annona coriacea, Attalea eichleri, Chamaecrista oligosperma, Ditassa acerosa, Guettarda vibournoidese and Xylopia aromatica.

Economically useful plants include Syngonanthus nitens, Mauritia flexuosa, Anacardium occidentale, Anadenanthera colubrina, Annona coriacea, Astronium fraxinifolium, Brosimum gaudichaudii, Dalbergia miscolobium, Eugenia dysenterica, Hancornia speciosa, Pterodon pubescens and Stryphnodendron adstringens.

The rare and endangered Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus) and Chaco eagle (Buteogallus coronatus) are found in the park.

[3] On 21 July 2009 a technical cooperative agreement was signed between the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) and the Nature Institute of Tocantins for management and conservation of the Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station and the Jalapão State Park.