James Brown Mason (January 28, 1775 – August 31, 1819) was an American physician and legislator who served in the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1804 to 1814, where he was speaker from 1812 to 1814.

Elected to Congress in November 1814, he represented one of Rhode Island's two at-large congressional districts from 1815 until 1819.

[2] As a young man, James pursued classical studies and graduated from Rhode Island College (the future Brown University) in 1791.

[2] Her father was a wealthy merchant, slave trader, and statesman from Providence, and a founder of Brown University.

James and Alice's children were:[4] Six months after leaving Congress, Mason died in Providence at the age of 44 and was interred in North Burial Ground.