James Frederick Buchli (born June 20, 1945) is a retired United States Marine aviator and former NASA astronaut who flew on four Space Shuttle missions.

In 1973, he proceeded to duty with VMFA-115 at Royal Thai Air Base Nam Phong in Thailand, and again MCAS Iwakuni.

Upon completing this tour of duty, he again returned to the United States and participated in the Marine Advanced Degree Program at the University of West Florida.

A veteran of four space flights, Buchli has orbited the Earth 319 times, traveling 7.74 million miles in 20 days, 10 hours, 25 minutes, 32 seconds.

In April 1993, he was reassigned as Boeing deputy for payload operations, Space Station Freedom Program.