James Joseph Murphy (November 3, 1898 – October 19, 1962) was an American businessman, World War I veteran, and politician who served two terms as a United States representative from New York from 1949 to 1953.

Murphy served as a noncommissioned officer with the 1st New York Cavalry on the Mexican border during the Pancho Villa Expedition in 1916.

During World War I, he was a sergeant with the 104th Machine Gun Battalion, 27th Division, and served in France and Belgium.

After the war, Murphy engaged in the import and export shipping business in New York City.

He was a freight and shipping broker and resided in the Grymes Hill area of Staten Island.