James Johnson (1705 – 28 November 1774) was an English prelate, successively Bishop of Gloucester (1752–1759) and of Worcester (1759–1774).
He was educated at Westminster School in London as a King's Scholar before matriculating at Christ Church, Oxford in 1724, graduating B.A.
In 1748 he was appointed a chaplain to King George II and canon residentiary of St. Paul's Cathedral.
In 1752 he was consecrated Bishop of Gloucester but was quickly embroiled in a scandal involving allegations of Jacobitism.
Christopher Fawcett had gossiped to Lord Ravensworth that Johnson, Andrew Stone and William Murray had drunk to the health of the Pretender in their youth.