The Dukes play their home games at the on-campus Atlantic Union Bank Center which seats 8,500 fans and opened in November 2020.

Taking over as the James Madison head coach in 1972, Lou Campanelli led the Dukes program for thirteen years (1972-1985).

John Thurston was hired as the fourth head coach of the James Madison Dukes men's basketball team in 1985.

Thurston successfully turned the program around in his second season at the helm, guiding the Dukes to a 20–10 record, a berth in the National Invitation Tournament, and was named Colonial Athletic Association Coach of the Year.

[2] The Dukes replaced Thurston with interim head coach Tom McCorry to finish the 1988 season.

In 1988, the Dukes hired former Davidson and Maryland head coach Lefty Driesell to lead the program.

[5] James Madison hired Matt Brady to be the head coach of the men's basketball program in 2008.

In March 2020, James Madison hired Mark Byington to lead the Dukes men's basketball team.

In the first season of his tenure at James Madison, the Dukes opened their new on-campus arena, the Atlantic Union Bank Center.

On December 7, 2021, Byington's Dukes defeated Virginia for the first time in program history in front of a sold-out home crowd.

Following the Dukes' loss in the NCAA Tournament, Mark Byington accepted the head coach position at Vanderbilt.

On March 29, 2024, James Madison hired Preston Spradlin as the new head coach of the men's basketball team.

[14] Historically, James Madison's rivals had been in-state members of the Colonial Athletic Association: William & Mary, VCU, George Mason, Old Dominion, and Richmond.

James Madison also maintained competitive series against the other members of the Colonial Athletic Association during their tenure in the CAA.