Lieutenant-General James Montgomerie (26 February 1755 – 13 April 1829) was a Scottish soldier and politician who sat in Parliament for Ayrshire 1818–29.

His regiment returned to England soon after arrival, but Montgomerie remained in Jamaica as a staff officer until 1781.

In 1783 he was one of the officers put on half pay as a captain in the 10th Foot, returning to active service with this regiment in Jamaica in 1786.

From 1790 to 1793 he was in England on recruitment, and in 1794 was appointed an officer of the Home Staff with the rank of major.

He was promoted colonel by brevet in 1802 and lieutenant-colonel of the 64th Foot in 1804, the same year being appointed to hold civil and military command at Tobago.