James Lowe Peacock III (born 1937) is an American anthropologist.
Peacock studied psychology at Duke University, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1959.
He joined the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty in 1967.
Peacock received a Guggenheim fellowship in 1980, and was named Kenan Professor of Anthropology in 1987.
Peacock retired from the University of North Carolina in May 2015.