[1][2] His parents were the spirit merchant John Bain and his wife, Elizabeth Middlemass.
He started with the printing company Oliver and Boyd and learned the trade of a compositor.
[1][4] He arrived in Port Chalmers in New Zealand, Otago's harbour, on 23 September 1858 on the Jura from Glasgow.
[1] Together with George Smallfield, he founded Invercargill's first newspaper, the Southland News and Foveaux Straits Herald, and its first edition was published on 14 February 1861.
[6] He was a significant businessman in Invercargill, was president of the Southland Building Society for the first 30 years of its existence.