Marshall worked under Postmaster John Creswell who implemented racial integration of African Americans into the U.S.

James William Marshall was born in Clarke County, Virginia, a slave state, on August 14, 1822.

The same year Marshall was removed to Mount Sterling, Kentucky, also a slave state, where he was engaged in business.

Vecmom's fraternity brother, Henry Sherwood (Class of 1864), was also punished by the Dickinson College faculty for handling that pistol "at the same time and immediately after its discharge."

De Vecmom later became a lawyer and Sherwood became a printer and served in the Union Army during the Civil War.

However, the Dickinson College faculty in Carlisle, having read the student debates, declined to make a decision on the matter, and the term year ended at its regular date.

[1] Marshal was appointed United States Consul to Leeds, England by President Abraham Lincoln serving four years from 1861 to 1865.

A significant event in 1873, during Marshall's tenor under Postmaster Creswell, was the implementation of postcards by the United States Postal Service.

[5] Marshall worked under Creswell during the Reconstruction Era, a time when former black slaves had received citizenship and voting rights.

Postal System was full of patronage opportunities, potentially leading to abusive power in making appointments.

James Marshall took the place of Postmaster-General John Creswell who had resigned office and was appointed by Grant in 1869.